MAFS.K.OA.1.4: For any number from 1 to 9, find the number that makes 10 when added to the given number, e.g., by using objects or drawings, and record the answer with a drawing or equation.

Cognitive Complexity Level: 1-Recall

[divider] [/divider] Students are able to… 

  • Use a ten-frame, part-part-whole model, or number bond to determine the number to add to a given number 1-9 to make ten.
  • Represent their ten-frame, part-part-whole model or number bond by drawing a quick picture.
  • Match their representation of making a ten to a provided equation.  (Example:  4+6=10)

[divider] [/divider] Students are able to…because teachers:

  • Provide a ten-frame, number bond and part-part-whole tools.
  • Provide opportunities for students to explore making a ten with counters.
  • Encourage students to see the two addends with two different color counters.
  • Ask students about relationships between the number shown to a five or a ten.
  • Encourage students to draw quick pictures to represent their number bonds, ten-frame or part-part-whole model.

 [divider] [/divider] Questions to ask students:

  • Ask:  If I have 2 counters, how many more do I need to make ten?
    • Sample answer that indicates understanding: 8, because if I count 3 more I’m at 5.  Then I just need 5 more to make 10.
  • Ask:  What’s another way to make ten?
    • Sample answer that indicates understanding: I just used 2 and 8.  I could also make ten with 3 red counters and 7 yellow counters.
  • Ask: How does your ten-frame model help you make ten?
    • Sample answer that indicates understanding:  I can see how many more counters I need to fill the ten-frame to make ten.
  • Ask:  Which expression matches the model below?
    • Sample answer that indicates understanding:  There is a model of 2 red counters and 8 yellow counters.  Student correctly identifies 2 + 8 = 10 as the correct equation.

[divider] [/divider] Additional Resources:

Additional in depth content knowledge

[divider] [/divider] Sample Formative Assessment Tasks:

Your child determines the missing number it would take to make ten or fill the ten-frame.

[divider] [/divider] Resources/Tasks to Support Your Child at Home:

Give your child two different items.  Different items may include: pennies and nickels, red and yellow fruit loops, etc.  Have your child make ten all the ways they can using the pennies and nickels or whatever objects you choose.  Have them draw models of their ways to make ten.

Khan Academy Tutorial Video: Getting to 10 by Filling Boxes

The Math Learning Center: Number Frames